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TechnologyFrom DeepSeek-V3 to Kimi K2：Eight Modern Large Language Model Architecture Designs
This article dissects the architectural evolution of modern large language models in 2025, moving beyond benchmarks to analyze the core design choices of flagship open-source models. We explore key innovations like DeepSeek-V3's Multi-Head Latent Attention (MLA) and Mixture of Experts (MoE), OLMo 2's unique normalization strategies, Gemma 3's use of sliding window attention, and Llama 4's take on MoE. By focusing on these architectural blueprints, we gain a clearer understanding of the engineering priorities shaping the future of LLMs.
By Noll